Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances § 7 § 141.60

Civil action, judicial review and enforcement (Minneapolis Civil Rights Ordinance)

In Force
Verified 9/15/2026 · Next check 12/14/2026
MinneapolisFair Housing & Anti-Discrimination

Operative Text

Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances § 7 § 141.60
(a) Civil actions. A complainant may bring a civil action directly to district court at the following times:
(1) Within ninety (90) days after the director, a review committee, a hearing committee or a hearing examiner has dismissed a complaint for reasons other than a conciliation or mediation agreement to which the complainant is a signatory; or
(2) Within forty-five (45) days after the director or a review committee has made a determination of no probable cause; or
(3) After forty-five (45) days from the filing of a verified complaint if a hearing has not been held pursuant to section 141.50 and the complainant has not entered in to a settlement agreement with the respondent, or the department has not entered into a conciliation agreement to which the complainant is a signatory. The complainant shall notify the department of his/her intention to bring civil action, which shall be commenced within ninety (90) days of giving the notice.
A complainant bringing a civil action shall mail, by first class United States mail or certified mail, a copy of the summons and complaint to the department and upon receipt of same, or if the director has knowledge that the complainant has brought a civil action, the director shall terminate all proceedings before the department relating to the complaint and shall dismiss the complaint. No complaint shall be filed or reinstituted with the department after a civil action relating to the same alleged unlawful discriminatory practice has been brought unless the civil action has been dismissed without prejudice.
(b) Judicial review. Any person aggrieved by a final decision of a hearing committee or a hearing examiner or a review committee in a contested case reached after a hearing held pursuant to section 141.50 , may seek judicial review in accordance with Minn. Statutes Chapter 14.
(c) Enforcement.
(1) When a respondent fails or refuses to comply with a final decision of a hearing committee or a hearing examiner, the director may file with the district court a petition requesting the court to order the respondent to comply with the order; thereupon the court shall issue an order to show cause directed to the respondent why an order directing compliance should not be issued. Notwithstanding the provisions of any law or rule of civil procedure to the contrary, the court shall examine at the hearing on the order to show cause all the evidence in the record and may amend the order in any way the court deems just and equitable. If the hearing committee or hearing examiner ordered an award of damages and if the court sustains any or all of the award, it shall enter judgment on that order in the same manner as in any civil suit.
(2) In a case involving a violation of sections 139.40 (e), (f), (g), (h) or (i), where the case has been dual filed with the department of housing and urban development pursuant to the contractual agreement existing between the director and the department of housing and urban development and where probable cause has been found and mediation has not been successful, the complainant may, at his/her option, elect to proceed before the commission on civil rights as specified in sections 141.50 (n), (o), (p), (q) and (r); or elect to bring an action in Minnesota District Court.
(3) In the event that the complainant elects to bring the action in the district court, the court shall have the same authority as the commission on civil rights to award appropriate remedies and shall make such awards pursuant to section 141.50 (r). ( 82-Or-115 , § 5, 6-25-82; 84-Or-043 , § 4, 3-30-84; 92-Or-064 , § 3, 5-22-92; 93-Or-133 , § 6, 8-27-93; 95-Or-164 , § 3, 12-29-95; Ord. No. 2017-078 , § 2, 12-8-17; Ord. No. 2025-022 , § 8, 5-1-25)
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Minneapolis Code § 141.60 establishes the pathways through which a person who has filed a civil rights complaint may pursue their claim beyond the administrative process. Depending on the stage of the administrative proceeding, a complainant may bring a civil action directly in district court within specified time windows—ranging from 45 to 90 days after key administrative milestones, or after 45 days of inaction on a filed complaint. Once a civil action is filed, the department must terminate its own proceedings on the same matter, and the two tracks cannot run simultaneously. Courts are empowered to enforce final administrative orders and, in housing discrimination cases dual-filed with HUD, complainants may choose between proceeding before the civil rights commission or going directly to district court.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on September 15, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Under § 141.60, a respondent who receives a final decision from a hearing committee or examiner is expected to comply with that order; failure to do so can result in the director petitioning district court for a compliance order, potentially leading to a court-entered judgment for any damages awarded. Operators managing properties subject to Minneapolis civil rights ordinances should maintain records of all administrative proceedings and any settlement or conciliation agreements, since those agreements affect whether a complainant can later pursue a civil action. When a matter involves housing discrimination allegations dual-filed with U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the complainant retains the right to elect a court forum, which can shift enforcement authority to the district court under the same remedial standards as the civil rights commission.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Section 141.60 gives complainants meaningful control over how and when to escalate a civil rights complaint to district court, including the ability to file suit if the administrative process stalls for more than 45 days without a hearing. Tenants should be aware that filing a civil action requires notifying the department in advance and commencing the suit within 90 days of that notice, and that doing so ends the administrative proceeding on the same complaint. For housing discrimination claims that have been dual-filed with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), § 141.60(c)(2) provides an additional choice between the civil rights commission process and district court; tenant-rights organizations or legal aid offices can help individuals understand what each path generally involves.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated September 15, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

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Related Rules

§ 100.110
§ 100.110 Discriminatory practices in residential real estate-related transactions.
§ 5.106
§ 5.106 Equal access in accordance with the individual's gender identity in community planning and development programs.
§ 100.140
§ 100.140 General rules.

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