Cal. Civ. Code § 38-12-512

Enforcement by the attorney general - district court - penalties.

In Force
Verified 10/16/2026 · Next check 10/23/2026
effective 10/16/2026ColoradoHabitability & Repair

Operative Text

Cal. Civ. Code § 38-12-512
(1) (a) 
In accordance with section 24-31-115 (1), the attorney general may commence a
civil action in any district court of appropriate jurisdiction against any
person that has committed or is engaging in a pattern or practice of violations
of this part 5.

(b) The
attorney general may, upon timely application, intervene by right in a civil
action in any county court or district court that involves a claim, defense, or
counterclaim brought pursuant to this part 5.

(2) In
exercising the attorney general's powers to commence or intervene in a civil
action pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, the attorney general may
prioritize cases in which:

(a) A
person or group of persons has engaged in, or is engaged in a pattern or
practice of, resistance to or noncompliance with this part 5; or

(b) A
person has violated this part 5 or has denied a person any right or protection
granted by this part 5 and such violation or denial raises an issue of public
importance.

(3) If
the attorney general intervenes in a civil action in a county court pursuant to
subsection (1)(b) of this section, the attorney general may request the action
be transferred to a district court of competent jurisdiction. Upon such request
by the attorney general, all county court proceedings shall be discontinued,
and the clerk of the county court shall certify all records in the case and
transfer the action to the appropriate district court.

(4) (a) 
When the attorney general has cause to believe that a person has engaged in or
is engaging in a violation of this part 5, the attorney general may, in
accordance with section 24-31-115 (8)(a), apply for and obtain a temporary
restraining order or injunction, or both, that prohibits the person from
continuing or engaging in the actions that violate this part 5 or from doing
any act in furtherance of such action.

(b) The
court may make orders or judgments regarding a temporary restraining order or
injunction, or both, that the attorney general applies for as authorized
pursuant to section 24-31-115 (8)(a).

(c) The
attorney general may also accept an assurance of discontinuance of practices
that violate this part 5 pursuant to section 24-31-115 (8)(b).

(5) In
addition to any other remedies authorized by law, the attorney general may seek
the imposition of civil penalties on behalf of the state as follows:

(a) A
person who violates or causes another person to violate any provision of this
part 5 shall forfeit and pay to the general fund a civil penalty of not more
than twenty thousand dollars for each violation of this part 5. For purposes of
this subsection (5)(a), a violation of any provision of this part 5 constitutes
a separate violation with respect to each tenant or other consumer or
transaction involved in the violation.

(b) (I) 
A person who violates or causes another person to violate any court order or
injunction issued pursuant to this part 5 or section 24-31-115 (8) shall
forfeit and pay to the general fund a civil penalty of not more than ten
thousand dollars for each violation of the court order or injunction.

(II) 
Upon a violation of a court order or injunction, the attorney general may
petition the court for the recovery of the civil penalty. The court shall order
the civil penalty in addition to any other penalty or remedy available for the
enforcement of this part 5, any court order or injunction, and any other remedy
available to the attorney general.

(III) 
For the purposes of this section, the court issuing the order or injunction
shall retain jurisdiction, and the cause shall be continued.
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-512 establishes the Colorado Attorney General's authority to enforce the state's residential tenants' rights laws (Part 5) through civil litigation. The Attorney General may file or join lawsuits in district or county courts, seek temporary restraining orders and injunctions to stop ongoing violations, and pursue civil penalties of up to $20,000 per violation of Part 5 or up to $10,000 per violation of a court order or injunction. Each individual tenant, consumer, or transaction affected by a violation counts as a separate violation for penalty purposes, meaning penalties can accumulate significantly across multiple affected parties.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on October 16, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-512, property owners and managers should be aware that the Colorado Attorney General has broad authority to investigate and act against patterns of noncompliance with Part 5 tenant protections—not just individual complaints. Compliant operators generally maintain consistent, documented practices across all units and transactions to avoid the kind of systemic conduct that triggers Attorney General intervention. Because civil penalties can reach $20,000 per violation and each affected tenant counts separately, operators typically conduct regular internal reviews of their leasing and management practices to ensure alignment with Part 5 requirements.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-512 gives tenants an important backstop: the Colorado Attorney General can step into existing court cases involving Part 5 claims—including cases a tenant has already filed—or bring independent civil actions when a pattern of violations or a matter of public importance is at stake. Tenants who believe their rights under Part 5 have been violated may consider filing a complaint with the Attorney General's office, which can seek injunctions and substantial civil penalties on behalf of affected renters. Tenant-rights organizations in Colorado can help individuals understand whether their situation may be part of a broader pattern that could attract Attorney General involvement under this provision.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated October 16, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

Effective Timeline

Current
Oct 16, 2026
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References Out

Rules and statutes cited by this regulation

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 24-31-115
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References In

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Related Rules

§ 244.260
Compliance required
§ 14.567
ADOPTED BY REFERENCE
§ 244.340
Sewer and water connections

Source Information

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