Cal. Civ. Code § 8-3-217

Civil actions by aggrieved persons.

In Force
Verified 10/28/2026 · Next check 11/4/2026
GeorgiaRent Regulation

Operative Text

Cal. Civ. Code § 8-3-217
(a)
(1) An aggrieved person may commence a civil action in an appropriate superior court not later than two years after the occurrence or the termination of an alleged discriminatory housing practice or the breach of a conciliation agreement entered into under this article, whichever occurs last, to obtain appropriate relief with respect to such discriminatory housing practice or breach of a conciliation agreement.
(2) The computation of such two-year period shall not include any time during which an administrative proceeding under this article was pending with respect to a complaint or charge under this article based upon such discriminatory housing practice. This paragraph does not apply to actions arising from a breach of a conciliation agreement.
(3) An aggrieved person may commence a civil action under this subsection whether or not a complaint has been filed under Code Section 8-3-208 and without regard to the status of any such complaint, but if the administrator has obtained a conciliation agreement with the consent of an aggrieved person, no action may be filed under this subsection by such aggrieved person with respect to the alleged discriminatory housing practice which forms the basis for such complaint except for the purpose of enforcing the terms of such conciliation agreement.
(4) An aggrieved person may not commence a civil action under this subsection with respect to an alleged discriminatory housing practice which forms the basis of a charge issued by the administrator if an administrative law judge has commenced a hearing on the record under this article with respect to such charge.
(b)
(1) The court may grant as relief, as it deems appropriate, any permanent or temporary injunction, temporary restraining order, or other order and may award to the plaintiff reasonable attorney’s fees, court costs, actual damages, and punitive damages. Punitive damages may be awarded under this article only when the evidence shows that the respondent’s actions showed willful misconduct, malice, fraud, wantonness, oppression, or that entire want of care which would raise the presumption of conscious indifference to consequences or to the rights of the aggrieved party.
(2) Where it is proved that the aggrieved party took an active part in the initiation, continuation, or procurement of civil proceedings against a respondent, the aggrieved party may be liable for abusive litigation as provided for in Article 5 of Chapter 7 of Title 51.
(c) Relief granted under this Code section shall not affect any contract, sale, encumbrance, or lease consummated before the granting of such relief and involving a bona fide purchaser, lessee, or tenant without actual notice of a complaint filed with the administrator or civil action under this Code section.
(d) Upon timely application, the Attorney General may intervene in such civil action if the Attorney General certifies that the case is of general public importance. Upon such intervention, the Attorney General may obtain such relief as would be available to the Attorney General under Code Section 8-3-218 in a civil action to which such Code section applies.
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Under O.C.G.A. § 8-3-217, a person who believes they have been harmed by a discriminatory housing practice in Georgia may file a civil lawsuit in superior court within two years of the discriminatory act or the end of any related administrative proceeding, whichever is later. Courts handling these cases can award a range of remedies, including injunctions, actual damages, punitive damages (when the offending conduct was willful or malicious), and attorney's fees. The provision also limits how a civil action interacts with ongoing administrative processes, and it protects bona fide purchasers or tenants who completed transactions without notice of any pending complaint or lawsuit.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on October 28, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Property owners and managers subject to Georgia's fair housing requirements should be aware that O.C.G.A. § 8-3-217 gives aggrieved individuals up to two years—potentially extended by any pending administrative proceedings—to bring a civil lawsuit over alleged discriminatory housing practices. Operators who maintain consistent, documented, non-discriminatory policies and procedures are generally better positioned to demonstrate compliance if a civil action is filed. Because courts under this section can award punitive damages when conduct is found to be willful, malicious, or marked by conscious indifference, compliant operators typically take care to ensure that all housing decisions are grounded in lawful, objective criteria.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Under O.C.G.A. § 8-3-217, individuals who believe they have experienced discriminatory housing practices in Georgia have the right to bring a civil lawsuit in superior court, and this right exists independently of whether an administrative complaint has been filed under § 8-3-208. The two-year filing window is generally paused while a related administrative proceeding is pending, which can preserve options for those who first pursue the administrative route. Tenants exploring this provision may find it helpful to consult a tenant-rights organization or legal aid office to understand how the civil action pathway, the administrative complaint process, and any conciliation agreements might interact in their circumstances.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated October 28, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

Effective Timeline

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References Out

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References In

Rules and statutes that cite this regulation

O.C.G.A. § 8-3-208
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-217
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-218
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-222
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-211
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-209
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-213
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-212
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-206
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-213
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-202
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-218
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-209
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-217
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-215
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-216
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-206
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-204
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-202
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-222
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-202
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-205
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-202
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-200
O.C.G.A. § 8-3-204

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