Cal. Civ. Code § 232-A
Notice to terminate monthly tenancy or tenancy from month to month in the city of New York
Operative Text
§ 232-a. Notice to terminate monthly tenancy or tenancy from month to month in the city of New York. No monthly tenant, or tenant from month to month, shall hereafter be removed from any lands or buildings in the city of New York on the grounds of holding over the tenant's term unless pursuant to the notice period required by subdivision two of section two hundred twenty-six-c of this article, or for a tenancy other than a residential tenancy at least thirty days before the expiration of the term, the landlord or the landlord's agent serve upon the tenant, in the same manner in which a notice of petition in summary proceedings is now allowed to be served by law, a notice in writing to the effect that the landlord elects to terminate the tenancy and that unless the tenant removes from such premises on the day designated in the notice, the landlord will commence summary proceedings under the statute to remove such tenant therefrom.
N.Y. Real Prop. Law § 232-A establishes the conditions under which a month-to-month tenancy in New York City can be ended by a landlord seeking to remove a tenant for holding over. For residential tenancies, the required notice period is governed by the separate provisions of § 226-C; for non-residential month-to-month tenancies, written notice must be delivered at least thirty days before the term's expiration. The notice must be served in the same manner as a notice of petition in a summary (eviction) proceeding and must state that the landlord is terminating the tenancy and will pursue legal removal if the tenant does not vacate by the specified date.
Plain English — not legal advice.
Under N.Y. Real Prop. Law § 232-A, operators of non-residential month-to-month tenancies in New York City generally ensure that any termination notice is issued in writing at least thirty days before the end of the rental period, while operators of residential tenancies look to the notice-period requirements set out in § 226-C. Compliant landlords and property managers typically serve the written notice using the same procedural method required for a notice of petition in a summary proceeding, and the notice itself clearly states the election to terminate and the date by which the tenant must vacate. Maintaining documentation of proper service is a standard practice for operators who may later need to demonstrate compliance in a holdover proceeding.
General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.
N.Y. Real Prop. Law § 232-A provides month-to-month tenants in New York City with a procedural protection: a landlord generally cannot pursue a holdover removal unless the required written notice was properly served in advance—with residential tenants entitled to the notice period specified under § 226-C. If a tenant believes the notice was defective in form, timing, or method of service, that deficiency may be raised as a defense in a summary proceeding. Tenants who have questions about whether a notice they received meets the requirements of § 232-A can consult a tenant-rights organization or seek guidance from a housing court self-help center.
General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.
Generated September 13, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.
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